If you shoot, distribute, license, sell or post digital photos to the Internet, associating metadata with those images should be a key part of your workflow.
The topic of metadata is so important that ImageSpan, with liveBooks and the Bay Area-based Renegade Meetup group hosted a presentation on metadata that drew more than 20 photographers to an after-hours event at liveBooks offices last Wednesday evening.
Digital photo files can include descriptive, technical and administrative metadata. Virtual compartments in image files can hold several types of data – from pixels that make up an image to the text that identifies and describes the image. Metadata contained in an image file can list an image’s creator, copyright holder, source and description. It can explain rights released and available to an image. It can list how and when an image was created, its size, color characteristics and more.
PCWorld Senior Editor Melissa Perenson launched the metadata meeting last week with an example that illustrated why metadata is so important.
“Somewhere I have a photo of my parent’s surprise 40th anniversary party, but when it came time for their 50th anniversary party, I couldn’t find it,” Perenson said. “It may have been in a filing cabinet or on a hard drive that is long-since dead and I didn’t even realize it.”
Had she been able to use metadata to more efficiently identify and store her now 10-year-old images, Perenson said, she may have been able to locate them more readily.
“This demonstrates how metadata is critical both for the retention and preservation of our images,” she added. "It’s also critical if you want to do something with your images, such as find or license them.”
So what is metadata?
Travel photographer David Sanger noted that metadata “really is any information associated with an image.”
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He projected an image on the room’s video screen of a slide with an older-model automobile on it labeled “1986 Chevrolet Caprice, Big Rim Miami.” Said Sanger: “This is the way we used to do it, by putting a slide ID and a caption on a sticky label.”
With the rise of the Internet and advances in photo workflow software, Sanger added, things have changed dramatically.He projected an image of Einstein as a boy and an associated computerized page that displayed a staggering amount of data on who else was in the photo, when it was taken,
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a list of keywords the size of a pocket dictionary, and information about how and where it can be licensed.
“The principal is that you want the metadata at a minimum to describe the ‘who, what, where, when and why’ – the basic rules of journalism,” he said. “The first place to start is with a file name. File names ideally describe the content in the photography so you know right away from looking at it what it is.”
Sanger noted that with some cameras, the moment an image is shot it gets a number associated with it that stays with it and with every version of that image, whether it is a JPEG, a TIFF, or a NEF. Such cameras also may attach technical metadata, such as the shutter speed, location-specific information using GPS, and even the serial number of your camera. In addition, some cameras allow you to apply a copyright directly into a file when the shutter is pressed.
Brian Pobuda, a corporate photographer who also consults as a digital asset management specialist, agreed that file naming is the most critical place to begin.
“To me, metadata starts right there,” he said. “Never let out an image without least your name and the date and the subject matter, because it’s a way to keep track of your babies. I always consider photos babies and you want to give them a good home, so put a file name on them because any good digital asset management system will pick up file naming as keywords, and that’s very useful. You’ll never regret it.”
In addition to helping a photographer identify his or her image files, metadata can also help a him or her track files and speed workflow.
Benefits of Metadata
So why else attach metadata?
“Well, copyright is one reason,” said Sanger. “If you have an image and it has a caption, keywords and a copyright, major search engines such as Google Images will pick that up, too.”
Rafael Solis of ImageSpan said that “if you don’t have metadata associated with your image, then there’s a dis-connect between the buyer and the content owner. In other words, anyone who is looking to buy or use your image may not only be unable to find it, but they won’t be able to find you to license it.”
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That’s why LicenseStream enables its users to apply a range of metadata, including the creator’s name, Web address, keywords and captions.
Solis pointed to a LicenseStream screen that showed an image of a sunset titled “San Francisco Purple Haze,” and noted the image is accompanied by a unique identification number. “That unique ID if decoded essentially communicates who owns the image, what are the different license types available for that image, any restrictions.”
Once your work is published to the Web, metadata can help protect you’re your rightful financial compensation. |

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“Great metadata enables tracking,” Solis said, “which goes hand-in-hand with the ability to search for it, query it, and facilitate a transaction to monetize it.”
In fact, LicenseStream Content Tracker with Digimarc for Images uses metadata to track and find images that are uploaded through LicenseStream. Digimarc for Images adds an imperceptible digital watermark to communicate copyright ownership and information on how to contact the owner wherever the image is found online.
Content Tracker can then find the owner’s images and report back on where and how they are being used so the creator can take steps to address unauthorized uses. The creator can then opt to send an email requesting that the image be licensed, linked back to the creator’s website, or that the author be credited.
Tomorrow, we’ll take a closer look at the application of metadata, why it’s important for your business, and provide links to websites where you can learn more about metadata.
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